Từ điển chuyên nghành tâm lý
The Cambridge Dictionary of Psychology is the first and only dictionary that surveys the broad discipline of psychology from an international, cross-cultural, and interdisciplinary focus. This focus was achieved in several ways. The managing and consulting editor boards were comprised of world-renowned scholars in psychology from many different countries, not just the United States. They reviewed and edited all of the keyword entries to make them lively and applicable across cultural contexts, incorporating the latest knowledge in contemporary international psychology. Thus entries related to culture, as well as those from all domains of psychology, are written with the broadest possible audience in mind. Also, many keywords central to contemporary psychology were incorporated that are not included in many competitors, including the Oxford and APA dictionaries.
Includes many words not included in competitors
Written with a scholarly base
International and cross-cultural
A
abasement
n. Unfavorable comparison to some other
person or some standard. Henry Murray sug-
gested abasement was a basic human need to
lower one’s self relative to those other people
a person considers superior to himself or her-
self, to give power to that superior person, or
to atone for perceived errors or sins.
abasia
n. The state of being unable to walk due to
an absence or dei ciency in motor coordina-
tion. There are numerous causes of abasia
including muscle, joint, nerve, or bone prob-
lems in the legs; damage or malformation of
the spinal cord; and damage or malformation
of the brain.
aberration
n. 1. A deviation from what is normal or
expected. 2. A temporary deviation in behav-
ior by an individual from what is usual for him
or her. 3. An astigmatism, dioptric variation,
or any other defect of the lens of the eye which
brings about a scattering of light so that it does
not appropriately project on the retina. 4. A
chromatic aberration is one caused when the
lens differently refracts different wavelengths
of light so that their projection on the retina
does not perfectly overlap, causing blurred
perception. 5. A spherical aberration is one in
which the lens is imperfectly shaped, causing
light from different parts of the lens to have
different focal lengths, leading to blurred
perception.
ability
n. A capacity to accomplish a task at the pre-
sent moment. This implies that any learning
or developmental process necessary to the
task has already been accomplished. Ability
often contrasts with aptitude or potential or
inherent but unrealized capacity which needs
further learning or development to become
an ability. Intelligence tests measure ability
and are sometimes used to infer aptitude for
future learning.
ability test
n. Any test which measures a mental or
physical competence to perform certain
actions and is used to infer native capac-
ity to learn or to perform. Such tests are
usually referenced to specii c age or group
norms and are sometimes used to predict
future academic or vocational achievement.
Examples include all intelligence tests, the
Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT), and the Raven
Progressive Matrices Test.
ablation
n. The surgical removal of part of an organ.
Ablation of portions of the brain was often
used as a method of investigating brain
function in the 20th century.
Abney effect
n. 1. A perceptual distortion that occurs
when a large surface is suddenly illuminated
such that the center appears to be lighted
before the edges. When a large surface which
has been illuminated is suddenly darkened,
the center appears to be illuminated longer
than do the edges. 2. A perceived change in
the hue of light when white light is added to
monochromatic light, thus increasing total
illumination.
abnormal
adj. Differing from the usual, expected, or
mean. In psychology this term is used both in
the statistical sense of deviation from the cen-
tral tendency of a distribution and in the sense
of behavioral deviation from the social norm.
Confusion often arises as a result of failing to
specify which use of the term is meant. So a
person with a very high IQ is abnormal in the
statistical sense but not the pathological one.
abnormal psychology
n. The study of persons whose behavior
causes signii cant distress to them or others;
the behavior’s cause is believed to be the path-
ological functioning of the mind. This i eld
includes the development, classii cation,
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The Cambridge Dictionary of Psychology is the first and only dictionary that surveys the broad discipline of psychology from an international, cross-cultural, and interdisciplinary focus. This focus was achieved in several ways. The managing and consulting editor boards were comprised of world-renowned scholars in psychology from many different countries, not just the United States. They reviewed and edited all of the keyword entries to make them lively and applicable across cultural contexts, incorporating the latest knowledge in contemporary international psychology. Thus entries related to culture, as well as those from all domains of psychology, are written with the broadest possible audience in mind. Also, many keywords central to contemporary psychology were incorporated that are not included in many competitors, including the Oxford and APA dictionaries.
Includes many words not included in competitors
Written with a scholarly base
International and cross-cultural
A
abasement
n. Unfavorable comparison to some other
person or some standard. Henry Murray sug-
gested abasement was a basic human need to
lower one’s self relative to those other people
a person considers superior to himself or her-
self, to give power to that superior person, or
to atone for perceived errors or sins.
abasia
n. The state of being unable to walk due to
an absence or dei ciency in motor coordina-
tion. There are numerous causes of abasia
including muscle, joint, nerve, or bone prob-
lems in the legs; damage or malformation of
the spinal cord; and damage or malformation
of the brain.
aberration
n. 1. A deviation from what is normal or
expected. 2. A temporary deviation in behav-
ior by an individual from what is usual for him
or her. 3. An astigmatism, dioptric variation,
or any other defect of the lens of the eye which
brings about a scattering of light so that it does
not appropriately project on the retina. 4. A
chromatic aberration is one caused when the
lens differently refracts different wavelengths
of light so that their projection on the retina
does not perfectly overlap, causing blurred
perception. 5. A spherical aberration is one in
which the lens is imperfectly shaped, causing
light from different parts of the lens to have
different focal lengths, leading to blurred
perception.
ability
n. A capacity to accomplish a task at the pre-
sent moment. This implies that any learning
or developmental process necessary to the
task has already been accomplished. Ability
often contrasts with aptitude or potential or
inherent but unrealized capacity which needs
further learning or development to become
an ability. Intelligence tests measure ability
and are sometimes used to infer aptitude for
future learning.
ability test
n. Any test which measures a mental or
physical competence to perform certain
actions and is used to infer native capac-
ity to learn or to perform. Such tests are
usually referenced to specii c age or group
norms and are sometimes used to predict
future academic or vocational achievement.
Examples include all intelligence tests, the
Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT), and the Raven
Progressive Matrices Test.
ablation
n. The surgical removal of part of an organ.
Ablation of portions of the brain was often
used as a method of investigating brain
function in the 20th century.
Abney effect
n. 1. A perceptual distortion that occurs
when a large surface is suddenly illuminated
such that the center appears to be lighted
before the edges. When a large surface which
has been illuminated is suddenly darkened,
the center appears to be illuminated longer
than do the edges. 2. A perceived change in
the hue of light when white light is added to
monochromatic light, thus increasing total
illumination.
abnormal
adj. Differing from the usual, expected, or
mean. In psychology this term is used both in
the statistical sense of deviation from the cen-
tral tendency of a distribution and in the sense
of behavioral deviation from the social norm.
Confusion often arises as a result of failing to
specify which use of the term is meant. So a
person with a very high IQ is abnormal in the
statistical sense but not the pathological one.
abnormal psychology
n. The study of persons whose behavior
causes signii cant distress to them or others;
the behavior’s cause is believed to be the path-
ological functioning of the mind. This i eld
includes the development, classii cation,
Do Drive thay đổi chính sách, nên một số link cũ yêu cầu duyệt download. các bạn chỉ cần làm theo hướng dẫn.
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