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CONTENTS
Executive Summary .5
Vietnam Pharmaceutical And Healthcare Industry SWOT . 6
Vietnam Political Swot . 7
Vietnam Economic Swot . 8
Vietnam Business Environment Swot. 9
Vietnam – Business Environment Ratings.10
Table: Asia Pacific Pharmaceutical Business Environment Ratings For Q110 . 10
Limits Of Potential Returns . 11
Risks To Realisation Of Returns. 11
Market Summary .13
Regulatory Regime.15
Pharmaceutical Advertising . 15
Intellectual Property Environment . 16
IP Shortcomings. 16
Counterfeit Drugs . 18
Other Regulatory Issues. 19
Pricing And Reimbursement Regime. 20
Industry Trends And Developments .23
Epidemiology. 23
Healthcare Financing . 27
Healthcare Insurance. 28
Healthcare And Pharmaceutical Reforms . 29
Foreign Partnerships . 30
Domestic Pharmaceutical Sector. 31
Foreign Pharmaceutical Sector . 33
Traditional Medicines . 34
Retail Sector . 35
Table: Key Aspects Of Good Pharmacy Practice (GPP) In Developing Countries . 37
Research And Development. 37
Vaccine Sector. 39
Biotechnology Sector. 41
Industry Forecast Scenario.43
Overall Market Forecast . 43
Key Growth Factors – Industry. 45
Key Growth Factors – Macroeconomic . 47
Economic Activity . 47
Vietnam – Economic Activity, 2007-2014. 49
Prescription Drug Market Forecast . 50
OTC Medicine Market Forecast. 52
Patented Product Market Forecast. 54
Generic Drug Market Forecast. 55
Pharmaceutical Trade Forecast . 56
Medical Device Market Forecast . 58
Other Healthcare Data Forecasts. 60
Key Risks To BMI’s Forecast Scenario. 61
Competitive Landscape .62
Company Profiles.64
Leading Multinational Manufacturers. 64
Pfizer . 64
Sanofi-Aventis . 66
Novartis . 68
Merck & Co. 70
Indigenous Manufacturer Profiles. 71
Vietnam Pharmaceutical Corporation (Vinapharm) . 71
Vietnam OPV Pharmaceutical Co. 73
Vietnam Pharmaceutical Joint Stock Company (Ampharco) . 75
Vidipha Central PharmaceuticalJoint Stock Company. 77
Country Snapshot: Vietnam Demographic Data.78
Section 1: Population . 78
Table: Demographic Indicators, 2005-2030. 78
Table: Rural/Urban Breakdown, 2005-2030 . 79
Section 2: Education And Healthcare . 79
Table: Education, 2002-2005. 79
Table: Vital Statistics, 2005-2030. 79
Section 3: Labour Market And Spending Power. 80
Table: Employment Indicators, 1999-2004. 80
Table: Consumer Expenditure, 2000-2012 (US$) . 80
BMI Methodology .81
How We Generate Our Pharmaceutical Industry Forecasts. 81
Pharmaceutical Business Environment Ratings Methodology . 82
Ratings Overview . 82
Table: Pharmaceutical Business Environment Indicators. 83
Weighting . 84
Table: Weighting Of Components . 84
Sources . 84
Forecast Tables.85
For example, in the 1980s Russian researchers found large quantities of the anti-oxidant mangiferin
contained in mango leaves in Vietnam. Russia now exports US$1mn worth of the product– which is used
in the treatment of shingles –after setting up Sovipharm Joint-Venture, a JV extraction plant in the
country. Yet, Vietnam has many hundreds of medicinal plants as effective as mangiferin. For example,
chemotherapy drug taxol is found in the Taxaceae tree, while heart drug troxerutin is found in the
Sophora Japonica (Japanese Pagoda) tree.
In order to gain the required technologies, Vietnam will need to offer tax credits and other incentives to
investors. Hi-tech extraction is capital intensive and for Vietnam’s medicinal plants industry to take-off it
will need concerted government support. But these products could end up supplying much of the raw
materials Vietnam will need for local production. This will further reduce the country’s reliance on
imports and reduce exposure to currency fluctuation and other exogenous risks.
On a positive note, the government has recently announced that it has successfully cultivated the Thuong
Hoang mushroom, which has been traditionally used to treat breast, liver and stomach cancer. The total
global production of the mushroom – which is in high demand with researchers – is around 30 tonnes per
year, with Korea, Japan, Thailand and China the only other countries who have managed to successfully
farm it. Presently, a kilogram of the mushroom can cost up to VND10mn (US$584.62), and the
authorities are looking to export it to drug companies.
Retail Sector
Vietnam’s pharmacy sector is a shambles. Patients can get most drugs without a prescription, there are
insufficient pharmacists, counterfeits are not uncommon and many doctors still illegally disburse
medicines from their private offices. Regulators hope that the implementation of Good Pharmacy Practice
(GPP) in 2011 will solve these problems but numerous challenges must be addressed first.
The main problem is that prescription-only drugs are dispensed without a doctor’s script, despite rules
prohibiting this practice. At any drugstore, a patient simply tells the employee what drug they need and
they are immediately supplied. Moreover, if the patient does not know what they want, the employee asks
what their ailment is and then personally chooses a medicine they think is appropriate.
Vietnam Pharmaceuticals & Healthcare Report Q1 2010
© Business Monitor International Ltd Page 36
Illustrating this fact is a recent debate that has emerged over the distribution of Tamiflu. According to a
report published in Thanh Nien News in October 2009, doctors suggested that drug distribution rules
change so that patients with lighter cases of flu treat themselves at home, but current regulations mean
Tamiflu can only be administrated at medical centres and to admitted patients. Ministry of Health
officials have rejected these proposals, claiming that widespread use of Tamiflu may lead to drug
resistance. The authorities fear that by making Tamiflu available for sale in drugstores, it will be
dispensed without a prescription.
According to some drugstores, only 20-30% of patients buy drugs with a prescription. Only medicines
that cause dependency, such as benzodiazepines, are routinely refused sale without a prescription.
Antibiotics are the most popular drug sold without a prescription. This has resulted in worrying levels of
antibiotic resistance. For example, nearly 70% of bacteria carried by people living in urban parts of
Vietnam are resistant to penicillin.
Under GPP plans for Vietnam, all dispensed drugs will have to be safe and effective. Pharmacies will be
required to have proper facilities, including air conditioning to ensure the right temperature for certain
medicines, and a monitoring system to regulate the internal supply chain. Unlike common practice, a
qualified pharmacist must be present during all hours of operation. Labels must state country of origin
and expiry date. Finally, except for OTC medications, pharmacists will ask for a prescription before the
sale of a drug.
There are approximately 57,000 pharmacies in Vietnam, equating to 6.6 outlets per 10,000 people, which
is very impressive for a developing country. However, the country has a shortage of trained pharmacists.
To rectify this situation, the Ministry of Health has set a target of 1.5 pharmacists per 10,000 people. To
put this in perspective, there were 0.8 pharmacists per 10,000 people just two years ago.
Pham Khanh Phong Lan, deputy director of the health department of Ho Chi Minh City said in March
2009 that approximately half of the existing 3,300-plus pharmacies in the city are likely to shut by 2011,
on account of their failure to meet the government’s GPP standards.
However, in order to Giúp this process along, the MoH is encouraging pharmaceutical companies to set up
their own drug store chains, which adhere to GPP standards. Although building the pharmacies would be
capital intensive in the early stages, drugmakers are expected to reap the benefits in 2010 when their non-
GPP compliant rivals are shut down. The MoH has also created numerous incentives for companies
setting up their own chains. As well as tax breaks, they will be given preferential treatment when it comes
to supplying national health programmes and the health insurance system. To date, 15 pharmaceutical
companies have registered to create their own pharmacies, and BMI expects all to profit relatively
quickly, as the pharmaceutical market increasingly attracts foreign investment. Only 444 pharmacies
presently meet GPP standards. In Ho Chi Minh City the number is just 200, out of more than 3,300
Vietnam Pharmaceuticals & Healthcare Report Q1 2010
© Business Monitor International Ltd Page 37
pharmacies. Yet the HCM Department of Health is adopting its own policies to improve GPP standards.
These include giving free training courses for pharmacists and also publicising those drug stores that meet
GPP standards. Also the city is working with the Department of Finance to provide tax breaks for
pharmacies meeting the regulations, a policy that BMI believes could be effective if rolled out across the
country.
Table: Key Aspects Of Good Pharmacy Practice (GPP) In Developing Countries
All people have access to a qualified pharmacist
The country to be self-sufficient in training pharmacy personnel
That there should be adequate premises from which to provide services
To ensure that the right patient receives the appropriate medicine in the correct dose and form
To preserve the integrity of the product
To ensure that the patient knows how and when to take/use the product
To facilitate patient care and provide an audit trail
To promote good health and prevent ill health
To establish a national GPP policy that can be adequately enforced
To ensure equitable access to safe and effective drugs of good quality by establishing a National Drug Policy
Source: Good Pharmacy Practice (GPP) in developing countries: Recommendations for stepwise implementation,
International Pharmaceutical Federation, September 1998
Research And Development
Vietnamese pharmaceutical companies lack the expertise as well as financing to support a thriving R&D
sector in the country. Instead, Vietnam has in the past been used as a location for clinical trials conducted
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CONTENTS
Executive Summary .5
Vietnam Pharmaceutical And Healthcare Industry SWOT . 6
Vietnam Political Swot . 7
Vietnam Economic Swot . 8
Vietnam Business Environment Swot. 9
Vietnam – Business Environment Ratings.10
Table: Asia Pacific Pharmaceutical Business Environment Ratings For Q110 . 10
Limits Of Potential Returns . 11
Risks To Realisation Of Returns. 11
Market Summary .13
Regulatory Regime.15
Pharmaceutical Advertising . 15
Intellectual Property Environment . 16
IP Shortcomings. 16
Counterfeit Drugs . 18
Other Regulatory Issues. 19
Pricing And Reimbursement Regime. 20
Industry Trends And Developments .23
Epidemiology. 23
Healthcare Financing . 27
Healthcare Insurance. 28
Healthcare And Pharmaceutical Reforms . 29
Foreign Partnerships . 30
Domestic Pharmaceutical Sector. 31
Foreign Pharmaceutical Sector . 33
Traditional Medicines . 34
Retail Sector . 35
Table: Key Aspects Of Good Pharmacy Practice (GPP) In Developing Countries . 37
Research And Development. 37
Vaccine Sector. 39
Biotechnology Sector. 41
Industry Forecast Scenario.43
Overall Market Forecast . 43
Key Growth Factors – Industry. 45
Key Growth Factors – Macroeconomic . 47
Economic Activity . 47
Vietnam – Economic Activity, 2007-2014. 49
Prescription Drug Market Forecast . 50
OTC Medicine Market Forecast. 52
Patented Product Market Forecast. 54
Generic Drug Market Forecast. 55
Pharmaceutical Trade Forecast . 56
Medical Device Market Forecast . 58
Other Healthcare Data Forecasts. 60
Key Risks To BMI’s Forecast Scenario. 61
Competitive Landscape .62
Company Profiles.64
Leading Multinational Manufacturers. 64
Pfizer . 64
Sanofi-Aventis . 66
Novartis . 68
Merck & Co. 70
Indigenous Manufacturer Profiles. 71
Vietnam Pharmaceutical Corporation (Vinapharm) . 71
Vietnam OPV Pharmaceutical Co. 73
Vietnam Pharmaceutical Joint Stock Company (Ampharco) . 75
Vidipha Central PharmaceuticalJoint Stock Company. 77
Country Snapshot: Vietnam Demographic Data.78
Section 1: Population . 78
Table: Demographic Indicators, 2005-2030. 78
Table: Rural/Urban Breakdown, 2005-2030 . 79
Section 2: Education And Healthcare . 79
Table: Education, 2002-2005. 79
Table: Vital Statistics, 2005-2030. 79
Section 3: Labour Market And Spending Power. 80
Table: Employment Indicators, 1999-2004. 80
Table: Consumer Expenditure, 2000-2012 (US$) . 80
BMI Methodology .81
How We Generate Our Pharmaceutical Industry Forecasts. 81
Pharmaceutical Business Environment Ratings Methodology . 82
Ratings Overview . 82
Table: Pharmaceutical Business Environment Indicators. 83
Weighting . 84
Table: Weighting Of Components . 84
Sources . 84
Forecast Tables.85
For example, in the 1980s Russian researchers found large quantities of the anti-oxidant mangiferin
contained in mango leaves in Vietnam. Russia now exports US$1mn worth of the product– which is used
in the treatment of shingles –after setting up Sovipharm Joint-Venture, a JV extraction plant in the
country. Yet, Vietnam has many hundreds of medicinal plants as effective as mangiferin. For example,
chemotherapy drug taxol is found in the Taxaceae tree, while heart drug troxerutin is found in the
Sophora Japonica (Japanese Pagoda) tree.
In order to gain the required technologies, Vietnam will need to offer tax credits and other incentives to
investors. Hi-tech extraction is capital intensive and for Vietnam’s medicinal plants industry to take-off it
will need concerted government support. But these products could end up supplying much of the raw
materials Vietnam will need for local production. This will further reduce the country’s reliance on
imports and reduce exposure to currency fluctuation and other exogenous risks.
On a positive note, the government has recently announced that it has successfully cultivated the Thuong
Hoang mushroom, which has been traditionally used to treat breast, liver and stomach cancer. The total
global production of the mushroom – which is in high demand with researchers – is around 30 tonnes per
year, with Korea, Japan, Thailand and China the only other countries who have managed to successfully
farm it. Presently, a kilogram of the mushroom can cost up to VND10mn (US$584.62), and the
authorities are looking to export it to drug companies.
Retail Sector
Vietnam’s pharmacy sector is a shambles. Patients can get most drugs without a prescription, there are
insufficient pharmacists, counterfeits are not uncommon and many doctors still illegally disburse
medicines from their private offices. Regulators hope that the implementation of Good Pharmacy Practice
(GPP) in 2011 will solve these problems but numerous challenges must be addressed first.
The main problem is that prescription-only drugs are dispensed without a doctor’s script, despite rules
prohibiting this practice. At any drugstore, a patient simply tells the employee what drug they need and
they are immediately supplied. Moreover, if the patient does not know what they want, the employee asks
what their ailment is and then personally chooses a medicine they think is appropriate.
Vietnam Pharmaceuticals & Healthcare Report Q1 2010
© Business Monitor International Ltd Page 36
Illustrating this fact is a recent debate that has emerged over the distribution of Tamiflu. According to a
report published in Thanh Nien News in October 2009, doctors suggested that drug distribution rules
change so that patients with lighter cases of flu treat themselves at home, but current regulations mean
Tamiflu can only be administrated at medical centres and to admitted patients. Ministry of Health
officials have rejected these proposals, claiming that widespread use of Tamiflu may lead to drug
resistance. The authorities fear that by making Tamiflu available for sale in drugstores, it will be
dispensed without a prescription.
According to some drugstores, only 20-30% of patients buy drugs with a prescription. Only medicines
that cause dependency, such as benzodiazepines, are routinely refused sale without a prescription.
Antibiotics are the most popular drug sold without a prescription. This has resulted in worrying levels of
antibiotic resistance. For example, nearly 70% of bacteria carried by people living in urban parts of
Vietnam are resistant to penicillin.
Under GPP plans for Vietnam, all dispensed drugs will have to be safe and effective. Pharmacies will be
required to have proper facilities, including air conditioning to ensure the right temperature for certain
medicines, and a monitoring system to regulate the internal supply chain. Unlike common practice, a
qualified pharmacist must be present during all hours of operation. Labels must state country of origin
and expiry date. Finally, except for OTC medications, pharmacists will ask for a prescription before the
sale of a drug.
There are approximately 57,000 pharmacies in Vietnam, equating to 6.6 outlets per 10,000 people, which
is very impressive for a developing country. However, the country has a shortage of trained pharmacists.
To rectify this situation, the Ministry of Health has set a target of 1.5 pharmacists per 10,000 people. To
put this in perspective, there were 0.8 pharmacists per 10,000 people just two years ago.
Pham Khanh Phong Lan, deputy director of the health department of Ho Chi Minh City said in March
2009 that approximately half of the existing 3,300-plus pharmacies in the city are likely to shut by 2011,
on account of their failure to meet the government’s GPP standards.
However, in order to Giúp this process along, the MoH is encouraging pharmaceutical companies to set up
their own drug store chains, which adhere to GPP standards. Although building the pharmacies would be
capital intensive in the early stages, drugmakers are expected to reap the benefits in 2010 when their non-
GPP compliant rivals are shut down. The MoH has also created numerous incentives for companies
setting up their own chains. As well as tax breaks, they will be given preferential treatment when it comes
to supplying national health programmes and the health insurance system. To date, 15 pharmaceutical
companies have registered to create their own pharmacies, and BMI expects all to profit relatively
quickly, as the pharmaceutical market increasingly attracts foreign investment. Only 444 pharmacies
presently meet GPP standards. In Ho Chi Minh City the number is just 200, out of more than 3,300
Vietnam Pharmaceuticals & Healthcare Report Q1 2010
© Business Monitor International Ltd Page 37
pharmacies. Yet the HCM Department of Health is adopting its own policies to improve GPP standards.
These include giving free training courses for pharmacists and also publicising those drug stores that meet
GPP standards. Also the city is working with the Department of Finance to provide tax breaks for
pharmacies meeting the regulations, a policy that BMI believes could be effective if rolled out across the
country.
Table: Key Aspects Of Good Pharmacy Practice (GPP) In Developing Countries
All people have access to a qualified pharmacist
The country to be self-sufficient in training pharmacy personnel
That there should be adequate premises from which to provide services
To ensure that the right patient receives the appropriate medicine in the correct dose and form
To preserve the integrity of the product
To ensure that the patient knows how and when to take/use the product
To facilitate patient care and provide an audit trail
To promote good health and prevent ill health
To establish a national GPP policy that can be adequately enforced
To ensure equitable access to safe and effective drugs of good quality by establishing a National Drug Policy
Source: Good Pharmacy Practice (GPP) in developing countries: Recommendations for stepwise implementation,
International Pharmaceutical Federation, September 1998
Research And Development
Vietnamese pharmaceutical companies lack the expertise as well as financing to support a thriving R&D
sector in the country. Instead, Vietnam has in the past been used as a location for clinical trials conducted
Do Drive thay đổi chính sách, nên một số link cũ yêu cầu duyệt download. các bạn chỉ cần làm theo hướng dẫn.
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