daigai

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Tell about a visit to a famous city

A few months ago my father and I visited Singapore, one of the most famous cities in Asia.

Singapore, a small island, lies at the southern and of West Malaysia. A long and narrow piece of land joins Singapore with Johore Hahru, the southern-most town of West Malaysia. Singapore is now an independent state.

The city of Singapore is extremely beautiful. It is well known for its centers of business and other activities. There are many places of interest such as the Tiger Balm Garden, the Botanical Gardens and Raffles Museum. There are also many important centers of learning such as the University of Singapore, Science Centre, the Nanyang University and the Polytechnic. Being a famous city, hundreds of people come everyday from various parts of the world to do business or to enjoy the sights of the city. Singapore therefore has large and beautiful airports and its harbors are full of ships.

There are many night schools where people who cannot go to the day schools for some reason or other can continue their studies. And, the government of Singapore is still doing its best to make further improvements in the city for the benefit of the people.

During my stay in Singapore, I went out everyday with my father to see the beautiful and interesting places and things in the city. One day we went to the Tiger Balm Garden where I saw several statues of people, animals and other strange creature beautifully made and kept. The sea near this garden makes it a pleasant place to visit. We spent almost half of the day at this place.

Another day we visited the museum where I saw hundreds of curious things preserved for scholars and others. It was indeed an education to see all those things. There is so much to learn here that every visit by any person is sure to add to his knowledge.

I also visited some of the harbors and saw the large ships anchored there. The sight of the ships aroused a desire in me to cross the oceans and go round the world. I was indeed deeply impressed by activities at the harbor.

Then every night, I went round the town and visited some of the parks and other places of interest. The numerous lights and the constant stream of traffic kept the city alive. I visited a few of the cinemas as well. In short, I enjoyed every moment of my stay in this famous city of Singapore.

Manchester Wouldnt Be Famous Without Football And Music History Essay

Manchester is the third-largest city in the Great Britain. It is situated in the north-west England. This city is very famous inside Britain and outside. There are many reasons of being Manchester known. For instance, It is considered as an industrial city, commercial and cultural center. Also it is the center of civilization, science and literature. All these played a significant role in the development of Manchester during the centuries. This essay will attempt to discuss the reasons of being Manchester famous in football and music, and it is followed by some evidence of being Manchester famous in education and industry.

One of the significant aspect that makes Manchester famous around the world is football, Manchester has two clubs which consider the oldest football clubs in England. Firstly, Manchester United (MANUTD), probably one of the most famous clubs in England, Europe and the world. This club has a beautiful stadium which called Old Trafford. Old Trafford Football Stadium as the sense of the word. According to MANUTD website, the first person who called Old Trafford stadium the Theatre of Dreams is Sir Bobby Charlton, where it has hosted many of the greatest players, teams and the world's major competitions over 100 years. Since 1902, the name of the club has changed from Newton Haitham to Manchester United, also the club has moved to Old Trafford stadium after they was playing at the beginning of this club on the local playgrounds in North Rode (1878-1893) and thereafter at the Bank Street (1983-1910). However, the main reason which has made Manchester United very famous is a number of achievements which has done it. Secondly, Manchester City( MCFC ) is the second famous club in Manchester. According MCFC website, MCFC established in 1880. Manchester City has a track record of historical confrontations with the big teams in Europe fair amount of domestic and European competitions. however, cannot be compared with MANUTD in terms of domestic and European competitions, international and also in terms of world-famous Manchester United. According to MCFC website, Mr. Khaldoun Al Mubarak is one of the largest business from the Emirate of Abu Dhabi at the local and international, he has been paid large amounts of money to attract the best players who were the best in the World Cup South Africa 2010, which increased the opportunities of MCFC to competition for champions.
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It is also believed that Manchester has world-renowned in music. According to Kidd(2008,p213) "Manchester's reputation as a center of musical performance established during the nineteenth century and survived into the twentieth". One of the main Orchestras in that time is the Halle Orchestra (Kidd,2008,p213).In addition, another famous Orchestra is BBC Philharmonic. Manchester is also the centers of music in the modern Manchester (Kidd,2008,p213). Manchester is considered one of the main centers in Britain which is famous in music education. For instance, it has the Royal Northern School of Music, Chetham of Music. Also, Manchester has a hall which called the Evening News Arena for music concerts. There are other smaller music halls such as the Apollo and academy, in addition to dozens of small halls. Manchester has the opera house and three large theaters. Also, Manchester presented many successful singer teams. All these examples are proven the cause of fame Manchester. Modern Manchester is also famous in the types of music. It has performances for popular music . In addition, it is interesting in teaching music in schools and universities. As a result, that makes this city is known for Britain and the world. Another side of the fame for music in Manchester is the Opera House. It has passed different stages of development during the nineteenth century, the twentieth century and the most recently in the twenty-first century. According to ( ) " After major refurbishment in 2003 the Opera House continues to attract the best in entertainment, standing proud on Quay Street as a part of Manchester History." The development that has happened to the Opera House to increase the seats, the design and introduction of modern technology in a music sound. All of that have proven the extent of increase of demand for it shows how fame. Because of that the government has attention in Opera House, which is a significant part of the Royal English culture.

It is certainly not true that Manchester is just famous in football and music. It is also known in education and industry. This is obvious from the reputation of Manchester universities and the development of industry during the time. According to Jones (1988.p2), "Universities play an important role in most modern societies". Manchester appears in the history as a city that has excellent reputation in the field of education, whether secondary or tertiary. This excellent reputation in education has lead Manchester to be very famous in England and the world. According to Jones (1988.P47), the new age of education was in the eighteenth Century. Now Manchester has two known universities in Britain and overseas. Firstly, Manchester Metropolitan University (MMU) which is may be considered as the Home of the largest educational center of Western Europe. Secondly, the University of Manchester is one of the biggest in Britain. Manchester university Manchester is known for its strength in most academic disciplines as literature, science, economics, engineering, medicine and law. However, there were three universities in Manchester before 2004 which are Manchester Metropolitan University, the University of Victoria and (UMIST). According to ( ) the University of University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology Manchester back in origin to two universities which are the University of Victoria and UMIST, after 100 years of work together between them they became the University of Manchester on 22 October 2004. A large number of Intentional Students in Manchester return for the famous educational universities in Manchester specifically a higher education. Also, the advance place in the world rankings for universities, particularly the University of Manchester. according to ( ) The University of Manchester ranked twenty-ninth in the world rankings for universities.

The final aspect which is the industrial revolution, it began in England after they won the major wars in the continent. At the same time they kept their territory from the devastation of war. They had a lot of settlements because they controlled the seas. The settlements provided materials and commodities needed to manufacture. It was expected that with the availability of raw materials to revolutionize the industry in England and specifically in Manchester. The constitutional government of England take into account the commercial interests, has supported the industrial revolution because they were aware that industrial progress will lead to political control in the world. According to Jones (1988, p48),
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" the expansion of the suburbs suggests the importance of

middle classes. Manchester was built on cotton

was the greatest industry of mid-Victorian Britain, but

Manchester's relation to the industry was peculiar. Had it

been only a production centre, a city of factories, a

small middle class and massive proletariat would have

resulted. In fact it was the entrepot of the finished goods

and the middleman in raw material."

This development had made England the largest source of tissue for the world. Before the Industrial Revolution was three quarters of the population in England lived in a small villages. But in the middle of the nineteenth century half of the population lived in industrial cities which made it crowded. Also, they managed set wages, working hours, holidays and divide work.

At the end of the eighteenth century, Manchester became the center of cotton industry. According to Kidd (2008. P13) " 70% of Manchester the British cotton industry was concentrated in the cotton district of Lancashire and Cheshire ; by the 1835 the figure had risen even further to 90%". What is more, Manchester was not only famous in the cotton industry but also the center of revolution in engineering. According to Kidd (2008. p23). "Manchester engineers made technological innovations vital to industrialization such as Nasmyth's steam hammer and Whitworth's standardized screw threads".

In Manchester, There is one of the oldest railway in the world which connect Manchester and Liverpool. According to The Museum of Science and Industry (MOSI) website " The railway opened in 1830 and was a major development in railway history ". This development in the industry of railway leads other cities and countries to imitate Manchester developing. The industry in Manchester is one of the main significant reasons of being this city very famous.

To sum up, this essay has discussed the reasons of being Manchester famous in several aspects. Firstly, how Manchester became famous in football. Secondly, the music has played a big roll making Manchester of the most famous cities in the world. Thirdly, the significant part which has made Manchester famous is the industrial revolution. Finally, the education in Manchester and how is Manchester being the biggest education cent in Western Europe. All of that have proved by evidences how is Manchester famous without football and music.


Making New Delhi A World Class City Tourism Essay

Delhi has a rich history because in the past it has been ruled by some of the most powerful kings. The city’s history began with the creation of Indraprastha by the Panadavas. It has been said that this place was nothing more than a barren land, and it was turned into an excellent city by the Panadavas. As many other kings came into power, there was creation of some other cities like “Lal Kot, Siri, Dinpanah, Quila Rai Pithora, Ferozabad, Jahanpanah, Tughlakabad and Shahjahanabad. Over a period of time, these cities merged into one city, which came to be known as Delhi (Delhi City Guide, 2005, p.10).” Back then, the city became famous for overthrowing the rulers, who ruled it. After the Mughals rule ended, the Britishers started ruling the city. Edwin Lutyens, a famous Britisher was responsible for creating a new majestic city in 1911, which later came to be known as New Delhi (Singh, 2010, p. 4). Subsequently, the Britishers shifted their capital from Calcutta to New Delhi. It was made the centre of Government of India, after India got its Independence in 1947, and till date it serves as the Centre of Government. Over a period of years, the city has seen good economic growth. Taking advantage of this, many multinational corporations have set up their call centres in New Delhi and its neighbouring areas. This has transformed the city into a global city (u of t book source). Today, the “soaring skyscrapers, posh residential colonies and bustling commercial complexes add to the city’s metropolitan characteristic (Delhi City Guide, 2005, p.10).”
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The first and foremost thing that the games have done is helped New Delhi develop; improve its sports and urban infrastructure. In preparation for the games, New Delhi had to ensure that the facilities for the visiting athletes were state of the art. Keeping this in mind, many of the existing sport venues were renovated and some were newly built. The Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, which hosted the opening and closing ceremonies, was completely renovated to ensure world class facilities were there for the games. After renovation, the stadium was covered with a roof top and its seating capacity was increased to 78000 people (DelhiCommonwealth, 2010). The Indira Gandhi Stadium, which hosted wrestling and cycling games, was equipped with costly HD (high definition) screens so that the people around the world can follow the action in high definition. The Thyagaraj Sports Complex was the newly constructed stadium for the Netball games, with a seating capacity of around 5000 people (DelhiCommonwealth, 2010). In addition to the sports infrastructure, transportation infrastructure also improved significantly. Before the games, the traffic jams on the roads and highways, was a common sight and a cause of worry. However, that was solved by building 25 new flyovers, and by widening the existing roads. An underground tunnel was also constructed so that athletes can reach the stadium easily. The tunnel connected the “Athletes Village” (place where the athletes were staying) to the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium. The main roads of the city also underwent major changes. Important roads leading to the airport such as Ring Road, Mehrauli-Mahipalpur and Mehrauli-Badarpur, were given a complete makeover (Uppal, 2009, p. 17). The airport of Delhi, Indira Gandhi International Airport was revamped, and one of Asia’s longest runway, was also constructed (Malhotra, 2009). Additionally, the metro network of the city was expanded, and it was termed the Phase II construction. Under the Phase II construction, the main areas of Delhi were linked to venues used for CWG games. Furthermore; the historical monuments and ancient buildings of New Delhi were overhauled to give the city an international look. India spent a large amount of money (approx. US$1.6 Billion) on the infrastructure, making this event the most expensive in the history of Commonwealth games (DelhiCommonwealth, 2010). The building of infrastructure for the Commonwealth games have come at a cost of destruction of slums. As Mike Davis (2006) points out in his article Planet of Slums, “The Indian capital offers brutal confirmation that the word ‘infrastructure’ is the new code word for unceremonious clearance of the fragile shelters of the poor” (p. 100). The slums located on the banks of river Yamuna such as Yamuna Pushtha were completely demolished to build the Athletes Village. The work on clearing the slums started in 2004, and lasted until June of 2010 (Housing and land rights network, 2010).

Secondly, the games have helped New Delhi in solving unemployment problems significantly. The plans were “formulated in such a way that more and more employment opportunities were created for jobless people with small capital (Maurya, 1989, p.68).” Around two million jobs were created due to the games in both private as well as public sector. The jobs ranged from “village development staff to support staff, from security to waste management, and from catering to accommodation. Also, the government departments of Delhi like Delhi Municipal Corporation (DMC), Delhi Jal Board (DJB), and the Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Ltd. (DMRC) started hiring people in large numbers, and contributed vastly in generating employment (Hudson, 2010, p. 5).” Even though the games benefitted most people by offering them employment, some were at the receiving end. The people like street vendors, who worked on the streets, lost their livelihoods as they were totally removed from the streets (Shah, 2010). This was done in order to show a clean image of New Delhi to the world. Moreover, some of the jobs offered to the poor workers who migrated from other states, were only temporary. As soon as the games got over, their jobs were lost and they were left in the lurch (Jackson, 2009).

Thirdly, New Delhi was able to address some of its environmental problems by hosting the ‘green’ Commonwealth games. New Delhi which was not considered clean some time ago is now a much clean and a green city, thanks to the government of Delhi and organizers of CWG. The organizers worked closely with UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme) and the government of Delhi, to implement various ecological codes, which not only made the games green, but also helped the city in becoming cleaner than before (Sriparna, 2010, p.87). The air pollution was significantly reduced by the introduction of buses that ran on Compressed Natural Gas (CNG). The CNG being the cleanest of all fuels reduced carbon emissions as well as guaranteed sustainable transportation (Sriparna, 2010, p. 87). The city was also able to reduce its water pollution through the cleaning of river Yamuna. Many sewage treatments plants were built so that the water flowing to river Yamuna could be treated and cleaned beforehand (IANS, 2009). The management of municipal solid waste was a big environmental issue before the games (Hust & Mann, 2005, p. 41). However, the government established number of schemes (Bhagidari being one), which helped the city effectively, regulate the solid waste. Most importantly, India built its first environmental friendly stadium, the Thyagaraj. During the construction of this stadium, all the environmental considerations were kept in mind. The considerations ranged from using eco- friendly fly ash bricks to conserving water through recycling (Sriparna, 2010, p.87). In some scenarios, the environmental concerns were also raised. The chances of city experiencing the floods increased dramatically because of the demolition of floodplains (piece of land controlling floods) of river Yamuna (Sharma, 2010). In addition to this, many trees were cut down (deforestation), which also caused irreparable damage to the environment (Singh, 2008).
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Last but not the least; New Delhi’s economy received a major boost due to games as many tourists came to the city. New Delhi received “2 million foreign tourists and 3.5 million tourists from different parts of India (Arzoo, 2010).” The biggest beneficiary of rise in tourism was the hospitality industry. Large numbers of hotels were built in the city to accommodate incoming tourists, and that helped in generating significant amount of revenue, thus contributing vastly to the city’s economy (Awasthi, 2005).

In conclusion, it can be said that the games left behind their legacy in terms of infrastructure, and also played an important role in generating thousands of jobs. New Delhi will retain its status of global city if it keeps on building and developing the infrastructure. The government has already proposed some of the future projects. The city’s metro, which is now considered to be its lifeline, is set to expand in the coming decades. The Phase III and Phase IV construction projects are planned to be completed by 2025. After the conclusion of Commonwealth games, the tourism industry of New Delhi is set to grow by 5-10% approximately in future. Currently, the economy of New Delhi is booming, and it is predicted that this growth rate will continue in the next few decades (Singh, 2010). On the other hand; the population of national capital is growing day by day, and is expected to touch the 28.6 million mark by 2025 (WUP, 2009). In view of the increasing population, many new vehicles will be introduced. New Delhi is already one of the most polluted cities of India, and with its current patterns of urbanization, the pollution problem will only get worse in future. New Delhi will also see high levels of inflation in future, because with rapid increase in population, the resources will deplete and it will be hard to meet the increasing demands of people.
 
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